Prepositions show spatial, temporal, or logical relationships. In Greek, the case of the object affects meaning.
Prepositions with one case: • Genitive only: ἀπό (from), ἐκ (out of), πρό (before) • Dative only: ἐν (in), σύν (with) • Accusative only: εἰς (into), ἀνά (up)
Prepositions with multiple cases: • διά + gen = through; + acc = on account of • κατά + gen = down from, against; + acc = according to • μετά + gen = with; + acc = after • περί + gen = about, concerning; + acc = around • ὑπό + gen = by (agent); + dat = under; + acc = under (motion)